Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Federal Aviation Administration launched the commercial astronaut designation in 2004 to promote commercial innovation for spaceflight. This new category allowed non-astronaut people who flew into space to receive official recognition.
Mike Melvill flew SpaceShipOne for Scaled Composites on the 21st of June 2004 as the first commercial astronaut. Brian Binnie followed with flight 17P on the 31st of October 2014 aboard the same vehicle type.
The FAA decided to end the program in January 2022 despite continuing to recognize future commercial astronauts. Forty-five individuals appear on the FAA list qualifying for human spaceflight recognition as of July 2022 and only thirty received actual Commercial Space Astronaut Wings before program termination.
SpaceX completed its first orbital private spaceflight on the 18th of September 2021 with the Inspiration4 mission. Jared Isaacman led this crew of four people into orbit at five hundred eighty-five kilometers altitude.
Forty-five individuals appear on the FAA list qualifying for human spaceflight recognition as of July 2022. Only thirty received actual Commercial Space Astronaut Wings before program termination.