Short answers, pulled from the story.
Coca-Cola was invented by John Stith Pemberton, a Confederate colonel and pharmacist from Atlanta, Georgia. The drink was first sold on the 8th of May 1886 at Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta for five cents a glass.
Coca-Cola originally contained cocaine derived from coca leaves and caffeine from kola nuts, which gave the drink its name. The drink once contained an estimated nine milligrams of cocaine per glass; fresh coca leaves were removed from the formula in 1903, and by 1929 Coca-Cola had switched to a fully cocaine-free coca leaf extract.
The formula is owned by the Coca-Cola Company. On the 8th of December 2011, the original formula was moved from the vault at SunTrust Banks to a purpose-built vault on display at the World of Coca-Cola museum in downtown Atlanta, where it had previously been held in Truist Financial's main vault for 86 years.
On the 23rd of April 1985, Coca-Cola introduced a new formula called New Coke. Despite taste tests showing most consumers preferred it, a public backlash over the loss of the original drink led the company to restore the old formula as Coca-Cola Classic on the 10th of July 1985. New Coke was later renamed Coke II and discontinued in 2002.
The Coca-Cola Company produces only a syrup concentrate, which it sells to licensed bottlers who hold exclusive territory contracts. The bottlers add filtered water and sweeteners to create the finished drink, then sell it to retail stores, restaurants, and vending machines. The first bottling under this system occurred on the 12th of March 1894 at the Biedenharn Candy Company in Vicksburg, Mississippi.
By the company's own announcement in June 2012, Coca-Cola became officially available in every country in the world except Cuba and North Korea. In 2013, consumers were drinking more than 1.8 billion company beverage servings each day across more than 200 countries and territories.