Short answers, pulled from the story.
Climate change mitigation is an action to limit greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that cause climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change describes it as a human intervention to reduce emissions or enhance sinks of greenhouse gases.
Global greenhouse gas emissions must peak before 2025 to limit warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Emissions need to decline by about 43% by 2030 to achieve this target.
Solar photovoltaics has become the cheapest way to generate electricity in many regions of the world. A 2024 review found global levelized cost of electricity for solar PV had fallen between US$0.039 and 0.041 per kilowatt hour.
Peatland globally covers just 3% of land surface but stores up to 550 gigatonnes of carbon. This represents 42% of all soil carbon exceeding stored amount in all other vegetation types.
The building sector accounts for 23% of global energy-related emissions. About half the energy is used for space and water heating within these structures.