Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Earth's atmosphere now holds roughly 50% more carbon dioxide than it did at the end of the pre-industrial era. This concentration has not been seen for millions of years and is the primary driver of the modern climate crisis.
The 2014 to 2023 decade warmed to an average of 1.19 degrees Celsius compared to the pre-industrial baseline. Human-induced warming accounts for nearly all of that increase.
Arctic surface temperatures are increasing between three and four times faster than in the rest of the world. This phenomenon, known as Arctic amplification, creates a feedback loop that accelerates global warming.
The ocean has absorbed 20 to 30% of emitted carbon dioxide over the last two decades. This absorption acts as a massive buffer against climate change but causes ocean acidification and harms marine calcifying organisms.
By 2050, 14.5 million more deaths are expected due to climate change. Scientists warn that these harms are irreversible and that 30% of the global population currently live in areas where extreme heat and humidity are already associated with excess deaths.
The estimated total sea level rise after 2000 years is over 2 meters. This projection includes the contribution from the West Antarctic ice sheet which appears committed to practically irreversible melting and would increase sea levels by at least 10 meters over approximately 2000 years.