When was Civitella in Val di Chiana originally fortified by the Lombards?
The Lombards occupied and fortified this location during the 6th century. This specific shape allowed for efficient defense while managing the whole valley below.
Questions about Civitella in Val di Chiana
Short answers, pulled from the story.
Who took possession of Civitella in Val di Chiana in the 11th century?
In the 11th century, the Bishops of Arezzo took possession of the town and renamed it Civitella del Vescovo. Florence annexed the city following the Aretine defeat at Campaldino in 1289.
What happened to Civitella in Val di Chiana on the 29th of June 1944?
On the 29th of June 1944, soldiers of the Hermann Göring Division killed 244 citizens of Civitella. This massacre occurred as retaliation for partisans killing two German soldiers earlier that day.
Why did Max Josef Milde face conviction regarding Civitella in Val di Chiana?
SS officer Max Josef Milde faced conviction by the Italian military court of La Spezia on the 10th of October 2006. The Italian Court of Cassation ruled in October 2008 that Germany must pay one million dollars to 203 victims of the massacre.
When was the Castle of Civitella in Val di Chiana destroyed?
Allied bombing destroyed the castle in 1944, and it has never been rebuilt since that attack. The Castle was erected in 1048 and surrounded by massive walls before becoming headquarters for the German army during World War II.