Short answers, pulled from the story.
The word Chechen appears in Russian sources as Chachana during the late 16th century. This name described a land owned by the Chechen Prince Shikh Murza and comes from the Nakh language combining Che meaning inside with the suffix cha or chan to translate to inside territory.
Chechen society organizes itself around approximately 130 teips or clans that form loose confederations known as tukkhums. These groups define clan membership through land ownership and one-sided lineage rather than blood ties because exogamy is encouraged.
Joseph Stalin ordered all Chechens deported en masse to Kazakh and Kirghiz SSRs in 1944. Their republic and nation were officially abolished immediately after the decree and at least one-quarter possibly half of the entire population perished during transit and exile.
Two wars started in 1994 between the new Russian state and separatist forces following the fall of the Soviet Union. Tens of thousands of refugees settled in European Union countries and elsewhere due to these conflicts while a wave of emigration to the West occurred specifically after 2002.
Chechen belongs to the Nakh language family alongside Ingush and Batsbi with literary Chechen using the central lowland dialect as its foundation. As of 2008 the official script is Russian Cyrillic though Georgian Arabic and Latin alphabets appeared historically.