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Questions about Charles Léon

Short answers, pulled from the story.

Who was Charles Léon?

Charles Léon Denuelle de la Plaigne was an illegitimate son of Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, born on the 13th of December 1806 in Paris. His mother was Eléonore Denuelle de la Plaigne, a maid to Napoleon's sister Caroline Murat. Napoleon acknowledged him, gave him a title and a pension, but did not formally legitimize him.

Why was Charles Léon's birth politically significant?

Napoleon had long suspected he was sterile because his wife Joséphine, who had two children from a prior marriage, never conceived with him. Léon's birth proved Napoleon could father a child, which historians describe as having 'undeniable political importance' for the imperial succession.

What did Napoleon provide for Léon?

Napoleon gave Léon a pension of 25,000 francs a year, rights to profits from wood sold from Moselle, named him an heir in his will, and granted him the title of Count. Napoleon also personally chose Léon's middle name as a private acknowledgment.

What was Charles Léon's reputation?

He was described harshly by two historians. Gareth Glover called him 'completely unmanageable' and a 'hardened gambler' who went to debtors' prison twice. Andrew Roberts called him an 'argumentative drunken wastrel.' In 1832 he fought a duel with Charles Hesse, an orderly of the Duke of Wellington, over a card debt of 16,000 francs.

How did Charles Léon die?

He died on the 14th of April 1881 in Pontoise, described as 'poverty-stricken.' He was buried in a mass grave in Pontoise.

Did Charles Léon have descendants?

Yes. He married Françoise Fanny Jouet in Paris on the 2nd of June 1862 and had four children who survived infancy: sons Charles, Gaston, and Fernand, and a daughter Charlotte. Charlotte reported in 1921 that two of Léon's sons and her own son were killed in the First World War. Léon's grandson, Comte Charles Léon, died in 1994.