Short answers, pulled from the story.
Chandrayaan-1 was launched on the 22nd of October 2008 at 00:52 UTC by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, using a PSLV-XL (C11) rocket.
Chandrayaan-1 confirmed the presence of water molecules in lunar soil. The Moon Impact Probe's CHACE instrument recorded evidence of water in 650 mass spectra readings during its descent on the 14th of November 2008, and the NASA-funded M3 spectrometer independently detected water absorption features near 2.8-3.0 micrometres on the lunar surface, published in Science on the 24th of September 2009.
Chandrayaan-1 operated for 312 days, losing contact at around 20:00 UTC on the 28th of August 2009. The mission was intended to run for two years, but a review found it completed 95 percent of its primary scientific objectives.
The Moon Impact Probe was a scientific instrument released from Chandrayaan-1 at 14:36 UTC on the 14th of November 2008, from an altitude of 100 km. It struck near the crater Shackleton at the lunar south pole at 15:01 UTC, and ISRO named the impact site Jawahar Point.
Chandrayaan-1 carried instruments from 20 countries, including India, the 17 member states of the European Space Agency, the United States, and Bulgaria. The International Lunar Exploration Working Group awarded the mission its International Co-operation Award in 2008 for hosting the most international lunar payload ever assembled.
On the 2nd of July 2016, NASA used ground-based radar systems to relocate Chandrayaan-1 in its lunar orbit, nearly seven years after communication was lost. Repeated observations over the following three months determined its orbit varies between 150 and 270 km in altitude on a two-year cycle.