Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey started functioning on the 3rd of October 1931 after centralizing duties carried out by various institutions. The Grand National Assembly of Turkey enacted the law establishing it on the 11th of June 1930.
Minister of Finance Abdülhalik Renda submitted a draft bill on establishing a central bank in 1927. Prof. Leon Morf from the University of Lausanne contributed to preparing the legal framework for its establishment.
The primary objective explicitly described as achieving and maintaining price stability within scope. Law stipulated that Bank would support growth and employment policies of Government without conflicting with price stability objective.
CBRT functions as joint stock company with capital divided into 250,000 shares totaling 25,000 Turkish liras. Shares distributed across four classes where Class A shares allocated solely to Turkish Ministry of Finance and Treasury representing majority ownership stake.
First stage removed six zeros from Turkish lira putting New Turkish lira banknotes into circulation from the 1st of January 2005 onwards. Second stage launched on the 1st of January 2009 removing prefix New used on New Turkish lira and New kuruş names.