Short answers, pulled from the story.
Catherine Parr was the sixth and final wife of King Henry VIII of England, queen from their marriage on the 12th of July 1543 until his death on the 28th of January 1547. She was the last queen consort of the House of Tudor and married four times in total, more than any other English queen.
Catherine Parr was born around July or August 1512 and died on the 5th of September 1548. She died at Sudeley Castle in Gloucestershire from complications of childbirth, an illness then called childbed fever.
Catherine Parr married Sir Edward Burgh in 1529, John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer, in the summer of 1534, King Henry VIII on the 12th of July 1543, and Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley, near the end of May 1547. Burgh died in 1533 and Latimer died in 1543, both before her marriage to Henry.
Catherine Parr published three books: Psalms or Prayers, released anonymously on the 25th of April 1544; Prayers or Meditations, published under her own name on the 2nd of June 1545; and The Lamentation of a Sinner, published on the 5th of November 1547. She was the first woman in England to publish an original work in print under her own name, in English.
Catherine Parr's Protestant sympathies provoked anti-Protestant officials, including Stephen Gardiner and Lord Wriothesley, who drew up an arrest warrant for her, probably in the spring of 1546. She learned of the warrant and reconciled with Henry before it could be used against her, and he later dismissed the chancellor who tried to arrest her anyway.
Catherine Parr's only child, Mary Seymour, was born on the 30th of August 1548 and went to live with the Dowager Duchess of Suffolk after Catherine's death. The last written record of Mary Seymour comes from her second birthday, and most historians believe she died as a child at Grimsthorpe Castle in Lincolnshire.