Short answers, pulled from the story.
Caravaggio died on the 18th of July 1610, in Porto Ercole, near Grosseto in Tuscany. He was thirty-six years old. Research published in 2018 concluded he died from sepsis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, resulting from a wound sustained in a brawl in Naples.
Tenebrism is a technique that shifts sharply from light to dark with little intermediate value, concentrating light in a narrow shaft against deep shadow. Caravaggio made it a dominant stylistic element by darkening shadows further than his predecessors dared and transfixing subjects in blinding shafts of light, heightening both drama and psychological intensity.
On the 29th of May 1606, Caravaggio killed Ranuccio Tomassoni, a gangster from a wealthy family, in what may have been a duel or brawl at Campo Marzio. He was sentenced to death by beheading, with an open bounty that allowed anyone who recognised him to carry out the sentence legally, forcing him to flee south to Naples.
The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist, completed in 1608, is Caravaggio's largest painting, measuring 370 by 520 centimetres. It is the only painting to which Caravaggio put his signature and remains in St John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta, Malta, where it was originally commissioned. It is widely regarded as one of the most important works in Western painting.
The Caravaggisti were artists who worked in the style of Caravaggio, also known as tenebrists or tenebrosi. They included Orazio Gentileschi, his daughter Artemisia Gentileschi, Giovanni Baglione, Carlo Saraceni, and Bartolomeo Manfredi in Italy, as well as Dutch painters Hendrick ter Brugghen, Gerrit van Honthorst, and Dirck van Baburen, whose work formed the Utrecht Caravaggist movement.
In October 1969, two thieves cut the Nativity with St. Francis and St. Lawrence from its frame in the Oratory of Saint Lawrence in Palermo, Sicily. Experts valued it at twenty million dollars. Former members of the Sicilian Mafia have stated the painting was displayed at mafia gatherings and later damaged and destroyed. Its whereabouts remain unknown.