Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Roman Senate voted to execute Catiline's allies in 63 BC. Cicero argued for their killing while Julius Caesar stood among the minority voices opposing the execution.
Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany became the first modern ruler to abolish capital punishment on the 30th of November 1786. His reform ordered destruction of all instruments for capital execution within his territory.
Iran Pakistan Saudi Arabia Sudan and Yemen executed child offenders between 2005 and May 2008. The largest numbers occurred in Iran during this period.
Zimbabwe became the most recent country to abolish the death penalty on the 31st of December 2024. This occurred nearly twenty years after the last execution there.
The last formal public executions occurred in Britain in 1868 and in France in 1939. These events allowed citizens to witness what was considered a great spectacle before moving behind closed doors.