Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists was founded in late 1945 by scientists from the University of Chicago who had worked on the Manhattan Project. The first editor was biophysicist Eugene Rabinowitch (1901-1973), who co-founded it with physicist Hyman Goldsmith.
The Doomsday Clock was created in 1947 and originally set at seven minutes to midnight (11:53pm). Landscape artist Martyl Langsdorf designed the clock face for the June 1947 cover of the Bulletin.
The Doomsday Clock currently stands at 85 seconds to midnight, the closest it has ever been. This surpasses the previous records set in 1953, 2018, 2020, 2023, and 2025.
The Doomsday Clock has been adjusted 27 times since its creation in 1947. The decision to move the hand is made by the Bulletin Science and Security Board, with the announcement issued every January.
The Bulletin tracks nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction, climate change, and disruptive technologies. Anthropogenic climate change was added to the Clock's calculation in 2007.
November-December 2008 was the last print edition of the Bulletin. It became an all-digital publication that year. Taylor and Francis has published the subscription magazine since January 2016, issuing six issues per year.