Short answers, pulled from the story.
Buddhist devotion refers to commitment to religious observances or to an object or person, expressed through body, speech, and mind. Common practices include prostration, making offerings, chanting, pilgrimage, merit-making, confession, and various forms of meditation and recollection directed toward the Buddha, bodhisattvas, or a teacher.
Buddhānussati is the recollection of the inspiring qualities of the Buddha and is central to Buddhist devotional practice. It originated in early Buddhism and grew in importance with the rise of Mahāyāna Buddhism, particularly in Pure Land Buddhism, where it was directed toward celestial Buddhas such as Amitābha.
The four main Buddhist pilgrimage sites are Lumbini (birthplace of the Buddha), Bodh Gaya (site of his first enlightenment), Sarnath (where he delivered his first teaching), and Kusinara (where he attained his Final Nibbāna). Among these, Bodh Gaya is considered by many to be the most important.
Self-immolation in Buddhism is a devotional act based on the idea that the body gains value through how it is used, and abandoning it for good deeds is considered heroic. It was first described in the twenty-third chapter of the Lotus Sūtra and became more common in China from the fourth to the tenth century CE. The monk Thich Quang Duc performed self-immolation in 1963 during the Vietnam War as a protest against the government of President Diem.
Om Maṇi Padme Hum is a mantra used in Tibetan and other Mahāyāna Buddhist traditions to call upon the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. It is perpetuated through prayer wheels, prayer flags, carvings on stones and other materials, and is also kept in tiny scrolls inside ornaments, amulets, and tattoos.
The Triple Gem, comprising the Buddha, his teaching (Dharma), and his community (Saṃgha), is the most commonly honored object of devotion across Buddhist traditions. Prostrations are typically performed three times, once for each element of the Triple Gem, and chanting often reflects on the qualities of the Three Refuges.