Short answers, pulled from the story.
Buddhism arrived in China in 147 through missionaries from the Kushan dynasty. Emperor Huan of Han reigned from 146 to 168 and adopted Buddhism as the official religion of his court.
The ancient Kingdom of Khotan served as one of the earliest Buddhist states in the world with its capital west of the modern city of Hotan. Inhabitants spoke the Iranian Saka language alongside other regional tongues and maintained hundreds of monasteries by the late 9th or early 10th century.
An Shigao flourished as a translator between approximately 148 and 180 CE and became the earliest known person to translate Indian Buddhist texts into Chinese. Legend states he was a prince of Parthia nicknamed the Parthian Marquess who renounced his royal throne to serve as a missionary monk.
The Afghan Taliban destroyed Buddhist statues and other relics in Bamyan province during 2001. They also clamped down on all other religions within their controlled territories while Buddhism has now been largely replaced by Islam across modern Central Asia.
Kyrgyzstan holds the highest percentage of Buddhists in Central Asia due to historical Tibetan, Mongol, and Manchurian influences. A single registered Buddhist community named Chamsen exists there since 1996 with membership consisting mainly of Koreans, Russians, and Kyrgyz people.