Short answers, pulled from the story.
Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via an electronic mass communications medium, typically using radio waves in a one-to-many model. Under U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, title 47, part 97, it is defined as transmissions intended for reception by the general public, either direct or relayed.
The term broadcasting evolved from the agricultural method of sowing seeds in a field by casting them broadly about. It was later adopted for the widespread distribution of information by printed materials or telegraph, and examples applying it to one-to-many radio transmissions appeared as early as 1898.
Commercial radio AM broadcasting began in the 1920s after starting experimentally in the first decade of the 20th century. Television was demonstrated by John Logie Baird on the 25th of March 1925, broadcast experimentally from 1925, and ran commercially from the 1930s, with the first regular television broadcasts starting in 1937.
Amateur, or ham, and citizens band, or CB, radio operators are not allowed to broadcast because their transmissions are private or two-way and do not meet the legal definition of broadcasting. Under title 47, part 97, broadcasting must be intended for reception by the general public, so transmitting and broadcasting are not the same.
A central high-powered broadcast tower transmits a high-frequency electromagnetic wave that is modulated with a signal containing visual or audio information. The receiver tunes in to pick up the wave, and a demodulator retrieves the information, with the signal carried as either analog or digital.
Broadcasting is funded through commercial broadcasting supported by advertising and subscription fees, public broadcasting supported by license fees, government funds, grants and memberships, and community broadcasting run by non-profit groups or cooperatives. Internet webcasting earns money when audiences buy virtual gifts that platforms convert into virtual currency for the anchor.