Short answers, pulled from the story.
Brahmic scripts, also known as Indic scripts, are a family of abugida writing systems descended from the Brahmi script of ancient India. They are used by languages in eight language families across South, East, Central and Southeast Asia, including Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, Turkic, Mongolic, Austroasiatic, Austronesian and Tai.
Brahmic scripts descend from the Brahmi script of ancient India. Brahmi is clearly attested from the 3rd century BCE during the reign of Ashoka, who used the script for imperial edicts.
Brahmic scripts spread to Southeast Asia peacefully through a process called Indianization, the spread of Indian learning, at ports on trading routes. At first inscriptions were made in Indian languages such as Sanskrit, and later the scripts were adapted to write local Southeast Asian languages, with regional varieties diverging by the 8th century.
The tabular presentation and dictionary order of the modern Japanese kana system, the gojuon, is believed to descend from the Indic scripts, most likely through the spread of Buddhism. The Siddham script was especially important in Buddhism, and the art of Siddham calligraphy survives today in Japan.
In Brahmic scripts each consonant has an inherent vowel, usually a short schwa, while other vowels are written by adding marks to the consonant. A mark known in Sanskrit as a virama, halanta or hasanta can indicate the absence of the inherent vowel, though it is rarely used.
Brahmic scripts order characters as vowels first, then velar, palatal, retroflex, dental and bilabial consonants, followed by approximants, sibilants and other consonants. Each consonant grouping had four stops covering all four values of voicing and aspiration, plus a nasal consonant.