Short answers, pulled from the story.
Black Sabbath was formed in 1969 in a cramped rehearsal room of a Birmingham pub. The band consisted of four working-class musicians who created a heavier, darker sound that would define the genre of heavy metal.
The band took the name from a 1963 Italian horror film and the song Black Sabbath was written after bassist Geezer Butler had a vision of a black silhouetted figure standing at the foot of his bed. The lyrics were inspired by the work of horror writer Dennis Wheatley and the sound utilized the tritone known as the Devil's Interval.
The debut album Black Sabbath was released on Friday the 13th of February 1970 and reached number eight in the UK Albums Chart. Despite negative reviews from critics like Lester Bangs the album sold substantial numbers and was eventually certified Platinum in both the US and the UK.
Ronnie James Dio replaced Ozzy Osbourne as the vocalist for Black Sabbath in 1979 after Osbourne was fired by guitarist Tony Iommi. The new lineup recorded the album Heaven and Hell which was released on the 25th of April 1980 to critical acclaim.
The split between Black Sabbath and Ronnie James Dio occurred in November 1982 following disputes over the production of the live album Live Evil. Misinformation from a mixing engineer led to accusations that Dio had manipulated the vocal levels and disagreements over artwork and creative control caused the band to disband.
Black Sabbath performed at the Live Aid concert on the 13th of July 1985 at the Philadelphia show. This event marked the first time the original line-up had appeared on stage since 1978 and featured Ozzy Osbourne, Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler, and Bill Ward.