Short answers, pulled from the story.
The city emerged as a significant settlement during the 10th or 11th centuries under Kalyani Chalukya control. It was originally named Vijayapura, meaning city of victory.
Yusuf Adil Shah founded the independent state of Bijapur in 1490 after the Bahmani Sultanate split into five splinter states. The Adil Shahi dynasty ruled from 1490 until 1686 when Mughal emperor Aurangazeb conquered the region.
The fort completed by these rulers in 1566 features walls six meters in circumference standing thirty to forty feet high. Ninety-six massive bastions of various designs strengthen the perimeter along with ten others at gateways surrounded by a deep moat thirty to fifty feet broad.
Gol Gumbaz stands as the most famous monument serving as the burial place for Ibrahim Adil Shah II and his family when completed in 1626. Other surviving structures include the Bijapur Fort Bara Kaman and Jama Masjid which demonstrate Deccan Islamic architecture's enduring influence on regional design traditions.
Central government approved renaming the city from Bijapur to Vijayapura in October 2014 effective the 1st of November 2014. The district joined Karnataka State on that same date alongside other Kannada speaking areas after a separate Mysore State formed on the 1st of November 1956.