Short answers, pulled from the story.
John Logie Baird made the first experimental television broadcast for the BBC on the 30th of September 1929 from a studio in Long Acre, Covent Garden. This transmission used an analog signal propagated via the BBC's London radio transmitter with a vertically scanned image of 30 lines.
The BBC Television Service officially launched at 3:00 pm on the 2nd of November 1936 from a converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London. The opening day programming started using the Baird System followed by British Movietone Newsreel and variety shows before switching to the Marconi-E.M.I. System.
The government ordered the station off the air because VHF transmissions were feared to act as a beacon for enemy aircraft homing in on London. Many technical staff and engineers were also needed for the war effort particularly on the radar programme which halted production of television sets.
BBC Two became the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in colour on the 1st of July 1967. They used the West German PAL system that lasted decades before digital systems superseded it while offering eclectic and diverse programmes instead of soap operas or standard news.
Ceefax closed down completely on the 22nd of October 2012 after launching on the 23rd of September 1974 as the first teletext service. Viewers could view textual information like latest news on their televisions until CEEFAX was gradually replaced by the interactive BBCi service.