Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Battle on the Ice took place on the 5th of April 1242 on the frozen Lake Peipus. It is also known as the Battle of Lake Peipus. The Novgorod First Chronicle places the fighting at Uzmen, by the Raven's Rock.
Prince Alexander Nevsky commanded the united forces of the Republic of Novgorod and Vladimir-Suzdal. The opposing army, consisting of the Livonian Order and the Bishopric of Dorpat, was led by Bishop Hermann of Dorpat.
According to the Livonian Rhymed Chronicle, written in the 1290s, twenty Brothers of the Order were killed and six were captured. The Novgorod First Chronicle claims 400 Germans were killed and 50 taken prisoner, a figure raised to 500 in a later 1440s redaction.
No primary source mentions ice breaking or anyone drowning. Donald Ostrowski's 2006 research found that this detail first appeared in Sergei Eisenstein's 1938 film Alexander Nevsky. Underwater investigations in 1958 and 1959 at Lake Lammi found no artifacts connected to the battle.
The battle prevented the Livonian Order from retaking Pskov and halted the eastward expansion of the Teutonic Order. The river Narva and Lake Peipus subsequently became a stable boundary between Eastern Orthodoxy and Western Catholicism. Some historians, including John L. I. Fennell in 1983, have argued the battle was smaller and less decisive than Russian historiography has traditionally claimed.
Macarius of Moscow canonized Alexander Nevsky as a saint of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1547. The Soviet Union established the Order of Alexander Nevsky as a military award in 1942, and in 2010 the Russian government amended the order's statute to recognize excellent civilian service.