Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Battle of Vimeiro was fought on the 21st of August 1808 during the Peninsular War near the village of Vimeiro, close to Lisbon, Portugal. The British under General Arthur Wellesley, later the Duke of Wellington, defeated the French under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot. The victory ended the first French invasion of Portugal.
The Battle of Vimeiro took place on the 21st of August 1808 near the village of Vimeiro, near Lisbon, Portugal. It came four days after the Battle of Roliça, with the British covering a beachhead at Maceira Bay to the west.
At the Battle of Vimeiro the French lost 2,000 men and 13 cannon. The Anglo-Portuguese forces lost about 700 men. Junot then retreated toward Torres Vedras.
No pursuit was attempted because Wellesley was superseded in command by Sir Harry Burrard and then Sir Hew Dalrymple. Burrard declined to interfere with the French retreat even though Wellesley urged him to pursue.
Under the Convention of Cintra, Sir Hew Dalrymple gave the defeated French generous terms, and the British navy transported their army back to France with its loot, guns and equipment. The agreement caused an outcry in Britain. An official enquiry exonerated all three commanders, but Dalrymple and Burrard were blamed and never held a field command again.
The French attacked in deep columns, such as Thomières' brigade formed about 40 files wide and 48 ranks deep, which could not deploy into a firing line in time. British troops in two-deep lines, including the 945 men of the 50th Regiment, opened fire at 100 yards and wheeled inward to enfilade the French flanks. Unable to reply effectively, the French infantry broke and fled.