Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Battle of Montereau was fought on the 18th of February 1814, during the War of the Sixth Coalition. It formed part of Napoleon's rapid southern counteroffensive after his victories in the Six Days' Campaign of 10-the 14th of February 1814.
Crown Prince Frederick William of Württemberg commanded the Allied force at Montereau, which consisted of approximately 11,000 Württembergers and 4,000 Austrians. His IV Corps was reinforced by Joseph Schäffer's Austrian brigade, which held the center at Surville chateau.
Pierre Claude Pajol's cavalry seized both the Seine and Yonne bridges before they could be demolished, cutting off the Allied retreat and allowing Duhesme's infantry division to clear the town. The decisive shift came after 3:00 pm when Imperial Guard artillery arrived, giving the French 70 to 80 field guns on the field against a collapsing Allied defense.
When Napoleon personally sighted a cannon on the Surville heights and his guardsmen begged him to move back from the danger, he told them: "Courage my friends, the bullet which is to kill me is not yet cast."
Allied casualty estimates range widely across sources. Digby Smith recorded 1,400 killed and wounded with 3,600 captured; Francis Loraine Petre put the figure at nearly 5,000 men and 15 field pieces lost; David G. Chandler estimated 6,000 casualties and 15 cannons. Prince Hohenlohe was killed in the fighting, and Austrian brigade commander Schäffer was taken prisoner.
Napoleon removed Victor from command of the II Corps during the battle for moving too slowly, handing the corps directly to Gérard. After the battle Victor protested to Napoleon, who responded with a storm of verbal abuse. Victor eventually calmed the emperor by recalling their shared campaigns in Italy and reminding him that Victor's son-in-law Chateau, wounded in the assault on Les Ormeaux, was dying. Napoleon relented and gave Victor command of two Young Guard divisions.