Short answers, pulled from the story.
Aurangabad was officially renamed Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar in 2023, after Sambhaji Bhosale, the second Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire. The push for the name change dates to 1988, when Bal Thackeray proposed calling it Sambhajinagar, and the city's own Corporation passed a resolution supporting the change in 1995.
Malik Ambar, an Ethiopian military leader brought to India as a slave who rose to become prime minister of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate, founded the city in 1610 under the name Khadki. He established it as the capital of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate.
The Ajanta and Ellora caves, both located on the outskirts of Aurangabad, were designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1983. The city also contains the Aurangabad Caves, a group of 12 Buddhist caves dating to the 3rd century CE.
Bibi Ka Maqbara is the burial mausoleum of Emperor Aurangzeb's wife Dilras Banu Begum, also known as Rabia-ud-Daurani, located about 3 kilometers from the city center. It was designed as an imitation of the Taj Mahal at Agra and is popularly called the Taj of the Deccan.
Aurangabad earned the nickname City of Gates because of 52 gates built during the Mughal era. A city wall encircling Aurangabad was constructed around 1683 in response to Maratha raids, and several of those gates, including the Delhi Gate, still stand today.
Wali Aurangabadi (1667-1731 or 1743), also known as Wali Dakhni, was the first established poet to have composed in the Urdu language. He was from Aurangabad and counted prominent poets such as Mir Taqi Mir, Zauq, and Sauda among his admirers.