Short answers, pulled from the story.
Malik Ambar founded the city in 1610 by transforming the village of Khadki into the capital of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. He engineered the settlement from scratch on hilly upland terrain to serve as a strategic military and administrative center.
Mughal prince Aurangzeb made the city his capital in 1653 and renamed it Aurangabad. He shifted his entire court from Delhi to this southern outpost in 1681 to conduct military campaigns in the Deccan.
The Bibi Ka Maqbara is a burial mausoleum of Emperor Aurangzeb's wife Dilras Banu Begum that stands as an architectural imitation of the Taj Mahal. It was built in the 17th century and commissioned by Aurangzeb's son Azam Shah.
The nearby Ajanta and Ellora caves lie on the outskirts of the city and have been UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 1983. The Ajanta Caves contain 12 Buddhist caves dating back to 3 A.D. while the Ellora Caves house Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain temples.
On the 29th of June 2022, the Shiv Sena-led Maharashtra cabinet approved the renaming of Aurangabad to Sambhaji Nagar. The official renaming took effect in 2023, changing the city's name to Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar.