Short answers, pulled from the story.
August Wilhelm Schlegel is best known for his German translations of Shakespeare, which are considered among the finest poetical translations in any language. The Schlegel-Tieck translation, completed with Ludwig Tieck, Dorothea Tieck, and Wolf Heinrich Graf von Baudissin, made Shakespeare effectively a national poet of Germany.
August Wilhelm Schlegel was born on the 8th of September 1767 in Hanover, where his father Johann Adolf Schlegel served as a Lutheran pastor. He was educated at the Hanover gymnasium and at the University of Göttingen, where he received philological training under Heyne.
The Athenaeum was a journal founded by August Wilhelm Schlegel and his brother Friedrich Schlegel that ran from 1798 to 1800. It served as the primary organ of the German Romantic school and published criticism that attacked popular sentimental writers of the day.
Madame de Staël hired Schlegel as a tutor for her children when they met in Berlin early in 1804. He travelled with her to Switzerland, Italy, France, and as far as Moscow and Saint Petersburg, serving as a literary adviser until her death on the 14th of July 1817 in Paris.
Schlegel was appointed professor of Indology at the University of Bonn in 1818 and founded a dedicated printing office for Sanskrit type. He edited the Bhagavad Gita with a Latin translation in 1823, published the journal Indische Bibliothek from 1823 to 1830, and began a Latin translation of the Ramayana in 1829.
Schlegel delivered his lectures on dramatic art and literature at Vienna in 1808, published as Über dramatische Kunst und Literatur between 1809 and 1811. They were translated into most European languages and his definitions of "classic" and "romantic" gained wide recognition; his arguments about Shakespeare's correctness made the prevailing Johnsonian critical attitude toward Shakespeare appear outdated.