Short answers, pulled from the story.
Léon Teisserenc de Bort and Richard Assmann discovered the tropopause layer while using balloons to probe the sky above Paris and Germany. Their work established this boundary as a cornerstone for modern meteorology.
Global greenhouse gas emissions reached 57.1 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2023. This figure represented an increase of 1.3% compared to the previous year alone.
Thunderstorms form when warm moist air rises rapidly into cooler upper layers of the sky. Tornadoes develop from rotating columns of air within these severe thunderstorm systems.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration oversees many of these research projects across the United States. It manages data collection efforts involving satellites, radars, and radiosondes.
Human activity altered the chemical makeup of Earth's atmosphere starting during the Industrial Revolution. Carbon dioxide levels rose steadily as factories burned fossil fuels and deforestation removed trees that once absorbed carbon.