Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Behistun inscription declared itself written in arya language and described the identity of ancient Iranian peoples who called themselves Arya. This Old Persian text distinguished these people from outsiders designated as non-Arya.
French Indologist Abraham-Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron first rendered Arya into modern European languages in 1771 as Aryens. He compared Greek arioi with Avestan airya and country name Iran during this translation process.
Nazi government enacted Aryan Paragraph on the 7th of April 1933 requiring proof of Aryan ancestry for citizenship. September 1935 Nuremberg Laws mandated documentary proof showing all four grandparents were of Aryan descent.
Max Müller denounced talk of Aryan race blood eyes hair as nonsense comparable to linguist speaking dolichocephalic dictionary in 1888. Modern scholars state historical Aryans highly unlikely to have been blond blue-eyed contrary to Aryanism proponents.
More than 900 million people are native speakers of Indo-Aryan language including Hindi Urdu Bengali Punjabi Marathi Gujarati Rajasthani Bhojpuri Maithili Odia Sindhi. This group represents the largest linguistic family stemming from ancient Vedic Sanskrit traditions.