Short answers, pulled from the story.
The first successful host-to-host connection on the ARPANET was made at 10:30 pm PST on the 29th of October 1969. This connection occurred between Stanford Research Institute and UCLA, with the first two characters successfully transmitted being lo.
Donald Davies at the United Kingdom's National Physical Laboratory independently arrived at the concept of packet switching in 1965 and coined the term. Roberts applied Davies' concept of packet switching for the ARPANET and sought input from Paul Baran on dynamic routing.
The ARPANET project was formally decommissioned in 1990, with the original IMPs and TIPs phased out after the introduction of the NSFNet. Some IMPs remained in service as late as July 1990, and the network was shut down on the 28th of February 1990.
Version 4 of TCP/IP was installed in the ARPANET for production use on the 1st of January 1983, replacing the Network Control Program. The development of the complete Internet protocol suite by 1989 laid the foundation for the adoption of TCP/IP as a comprehensive protocol suite.
Ray Tomlinson of BBN sent the first network email in 1971. An ARPA study in 1973 found that three-quarters of the traffic over the ARPANET consisted of email messages.
Senator Al Gore authored the High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991, commonly referred to as The Gore Bill. The bill was passed on the 9th of December 1991 and led to the National Information Infrastructure which Gore called the information superhighway.