Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Apollo Guidance Computer arrived in 1963 as a digital machine built specifically for the Apollo program. It was designed to sit inside each command module and lunar module to handle all guidance tasks.
Charles Stark Draper led the design of the Apollo Guidance Computer at the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory. Eldon C. Hall managed the hardware construction while Raytheon fabricated the flight units under this leadership structure.
The memory system stored data using magnetic cores woven into complex patterns called core rope memory. Most software lived inside this read-only structure while a smaller amount occupied erasable magnetic-core memory.
The total effort required 1400 person-years with a peak workforce of 350 people. Margaret Hamilton led the team responsible for lunar mission software development during this extensive period.
The AGC displayed alarm codes 1202 indicating executive overflow conditions when Buzz Aldrin entered command 1668 five minutes into the descent sequence. These alarms resulted from spurious cycle steals generated by the rendezvous radar tracking orbiting modules.