Short answers, pulled from the story.
Anwar Sadat was assassinated on the 6th of October 1981 by a military cell led by Lieutenant Khalid Al-Islambuli, acting on behalf of Egyptian Islamic Jihad. The killing was motivated primarily by Sadat's peace treaty with Israel, which Islamic Jihad viewed as a betrayal. A fatwa authorizing the assassination had been obtained from Omar Abdel-Rahman.
Sadat launched the October War on the 6th of October 1973, coordinating with Syrian president Hafez al-Assad in a surprise assault on Israeli-held territory. Egyptian forces advanced approximately 15 kilometres into the Sinai Peninsula, breaching the Bar Lev Line in an operation known as Operation Badr. The war's outcome earned Sadat the title "Hero of the Crossing" across Egypt and much of the Arab world.
The Camp David Accords were a series of meetings between Egypt and Israel facilitated by US President Jimmy Carter, leading to the Egypt-Israel peace treaty signed on the 26th of March 1979 in Washington, D.C. The treaty secured the full withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Sinai Peninsula and made Egypt the first Arab country to officially recognize Israel. Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the agreement.
The Arab League suspended Egypt in 1979 following the Egypt-Israel peace treaty, which Arab member states and the Palestine Liberation Organization opposed because Sadat negotiated separately without prior consultation with the Arab states, and without securing guarantees for a Palestinian state. The League moved its headquarters from Cairo to Tunis. Egypt was not re-admitted until 1989.
Infitah, established under Law 43 of 1974, was Sadat's policy of opening Egypt's economy to foreign private investment after the 1973 war. It ended the dominance of Egypt's public sector and encouraged both domestic and foreign investment in the private sector. The policy coincided with breaking Egypt's alliance with the Soviet Union and aligning with the United States, but contributed to economic tensions that sparked the Bread Riots of January 1977.
Sadat transformed Egypt's hostile relationship with Iran into a close friendship after taking office in 1970. The Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, called Sadat his "dear brother." When the Shah was deposed and died in exile, Sadat granted him refuge in Egypt and ordered a state funeral, with burial at the Al-Rifa'i Mosque in Cairo.