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Questions about Anti-submarine warfare

Short answers, pulled from the story.

When did the first recorded attack by an underwater vehicle occur?

The first recorded attack by an underwater vehicle occurred during the American Revolutionary War. This early weapon was then called a torpedo but is now known as a naval mine.

Who invented the first effective self-propelled torpedo in 1866?

British engineer Robert Whitehead invented the first effective self-propelled torpedo in 1866. This invention changed the nature of naval warfare forever and led to vessels like the Nordenfelt I submarine being equipped with such weapons shortly after.

What date marked the first recorded sinking of a submarine by depth charge?

The first recorded sinking of a submarine by depth charge occurred on the 22nd of March 1916. U-68 was destroyed off County Kerry, Ireland by Q-ship Cushing using this method.

How did radar technology change anti-submarine warfare during World War II?

Allied radar technology proved far superior to German counterparts throughout the Second World War. By 1943, cavity magnetron-based ten-centimeter wavelength radar known as ASV III gave surface ships and aircraft crucial advantages over U-boats.

When were shipborne helicopters established as essential anti-submarine platforms?

Shipborne helicopters emerged as essential anti-submarine platforms during the 1960s. These aircraft are capable of operating from almost any warship and are equipped with ASW apparatus to detect submerged targets.