Short answers, pulled from the story.
The phrase annus mirabilis translates directly from Latin as year of miracles or marvelous year. Ancient writers used these words to describe times when events seemed too significant to be ordinary.
Isaac Newton was only 23 years old during the plague outbreak that closed Cambridge University in 1665. He retreated to his family home in Woolsthorpe where he developed theories on calculus and optics.
Albert Einstein published four groundbreaking articles in Annalen der Physik journal during 1905 at age 26. These papers covered photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence.
Edward III launched a renewed offensive against France in 1445 after eight years of reduced fighting. A French army under Philip VI met them at Crécy on the 26th of August 1346 resulting in heavy English victory.
Nicolaus Copernicus published De revolutionibus orbium coelestium in 1543 outlining his heliocentric model of the universe. Andreas Vesalius released De humani corporis fabrica that same year revolutionizing anatomy and medical practice.
LeBron James led Cleveland Cavaliers to overcome a 3, 1 deficit against Golden State Warriors in June 2016 NBA Finals. Tom Brady's New England Patriots defeated Atlanta Falcons 34, 28 after trailing by 25 points in Super Bowl LI February 2017.