Short answers, pulled from the story.
Annates were the first year's profit from a newly appointed church official that evolved into a systematic extraction of wealth shaping the financial landscape of medieval Europe. This payment originated from a 6th-century custom where those ordained to ecclesiastical offices paid a fee to the ordaining bishop before becoming a claim by the pope to the first year's revenue of all benefices under his control.
Pope Clement V claimed the first-fruits of all vacant benefices in England in 1305. Pope John XXII extended this claim to all of Christendom for the following two years in 1319, representing a frank usurpation of the rights of bishops and asserting the Holy See as the ultimate source of episcopal jurisdiction.
King Henry VIII prohibited the collection of annates by 1531 or 1532 when total payments comprised around £3,000 a year. Thomas Cromwell obtained from parliament the Act in Restraint of Annates in 1534 which restored the annates as a payment owed to the Crown.
In Scotland the annat or ann was half a year's stipend allowed to the executors of a minister of the Church of Scotland above what was due to him at the time of his death as per the Ann Act 1672. This payment was neither assignable by the clergyman during his life nor could it be seized by his creditors.
The custom of paying the servitia communia held its ground in France until the infamous decree of August 4 during the French Revolution in 1789. The revolution caused by the secularization of the ecclesiastical states in 1803 practically put an end to the system with servitia either commuted via gratiae to a moderate fixed sum under particular concordats or becoming the subject of separate negotiation with each bishop on his appointment.
The concordat of Constance in 1418 decided that bishoprics and abbacies should pay the servitia according to the valuation of the Roman chancery in two half-yearly instalments. Those reserved benefices only were to pay the annalia which were rated above twenty-four gold florins and as none were so rated whatever their annual value may have been the annalia fell into disuse.