Short answers, pulled from the story.
The Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran began on the 25th of August 1941. This surprise assault by the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union targeted the Imperial State of Iran, which had declared itself neutral.
Reza Shah Pahlavi led the Imperial State of Iran during the 1941 invasion. He seized power in a coup d'état in 1925 and abdicated on the 16th of September 1941 following the Soviet occupation of Tehran.
The strategic purpose of the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran was to secure the Persian Corridor to supply the Soviet Union against the advancing German Wehrmacht. This route facilitated the flow of over 5 million tons of matériel to the Soviet Union and the British in the Middle East.
The Anglo-Soviet occupation of Iran lasted from 1941 until 1946. Soviet troops did not withdraw from Iran proper until May 1946, following Iran's official complaint to the United Nations Security Council.
The economic consequences of the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran included inflation that increased by 450 percent and severe food shortages. The Soviets appropriated most of the harvest in northern Iran, leading to food scarcity for the general public.