Short answers, pulled from the story.
Andreas Vesalius was a Flemish anatomist and physician born in Brussels on the 31st of December 1514. He is often called the founder of modern human anatomy because his 1543 work De Humani Corporis Fabrica exposed the systematic errors in Galen's anatomy, which had dominated medicine for over 1,400 years. His insistence on direct human dissection as the primary teaching method established anatomy as a modern descriptive science.
De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem, meaning On the Fabric of the Human Body in Seven Books, was published in 1543 when Vesalius was 28 years old. It contained 273 illustrations and was printed by Johannes Oporinus in Basel. Vesalius dedicated the work to Emperor Charles V and simultaneously published an abridged student edition called the Epitome, dedicated to Philip II of Spain.
Vesalius demonstrated that Galen had made major errors because his research was based on animal dissections, not human cadavers. Key corrections include proving the human mandible is a single bone, not two; showing the human sternum has three portions, not seven; disproving the existence of pores in the interventricular septum of the heart; and confirming that humans lack the rete mirabile, a vascular structure present in sheep and other ungulates.
Vesalius held the chair of surgery and anatomy, called explicator chirurgiae, at the University of Padua from 1537 to 1542. He received the offer on the very day he graduated from the University of Leuven. He also guest-lectured at the University of Bologna and the University of Pisa during this period.
Vesalius died in 1564 on the Greek island of Zakynthos, also called Zante, at the age of 49, after his ship was wrecked in the Ionian Sea on a return voyage from Jerusalem. He died in debt and a benefactor paid for his funeral. He was buried somewhere on the island of Zakynthos, but no precise location is known.
The Basel Skeleton is an articulated human skeleton that Vesalius prepared following a public dissection of Jakob Karrer von Gebweiler, a felon from Basel, in 1543. Vesalius donated it to the University of Basel. It is considered the world's oldest surviving anatomical preparation and is still on display at the Anatomical Museum of the University of Basel.