Short answers, pulled from the story.
Historians divide ancient Greek art into four major stylistic periods: Geometric, Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic. The timeline spans from the Iron Age start around 1000 BC to the Roman conquest at Corinth in 146 BCE.
The famous black-figure style reached its peak from about 600 to 350 BC. This technique reversed itself around 530 BC when red-figure painting emerged, painting pots black while leaving figures in red.
Praxiteles made the female nude respectable for the first time in the mid-4th century with his Aphrodite of Knidos. This work marked a shift where statues began to depict real people rather than just ideals like beauty or piety.
Cities such as Ephesus and Pergamum showcase some of the best surviving Hellenistic buildings using these architectural principles. In the Hellenistic period, the more decorative Ionic order became dominant as its style suited the aesthetic better than restrained Doric.
Traces of paint still visible on Archaic korai show how extensively color once covered these statues before fading over millennia. Paint was frequently limited to parts showing clothing and hair, leaving skin in natural stone or bronze colors.