Short answers, pulled from the story.
The death of General Walther Wever on the 3rd of June 1936 ended hopes for a strategic bomber force. Without his leadership, the Luftwaffe lacked heavy bombers capable of major damage against British cities.
The Battle of the Coral Sea fought between the 4th of May and the 8th of May 1942 off Australia marked the first carrier battle where opposing fleets never saw one another. Damage to one Japanese fleet carrier left both that ship and another carrier's airgroup out of the Battle of Midway.
The Heinkel He 177A Greif remained plagued by engine fires with just under 1,200 examples ever built. This aircraft failed to become a viable strategic bomber due to persistent technical issues.
The Luftwaffe was the first to use such weapons with the Fritz X armor-piercing anti-ship glide bomb on the 9th of September 1943 against the Italian battleship Roma. III.Gruppe/KG 100's Dornier Do 217 medium bombers achieved two hits exploding powder magazines and sinking her.
Tokyo suffered a serious blow during Operation Meetinghouse raid on March 9/10 1945 destroying nearly 270,000 buildings over 16 square miles killing at least 83,000 people. This event demonstrated the effectiveness of firebombing strategies ordered by General Curtis LeMay in early 1945.