Short answers, pulled from the story.
David C. Jewitt and G. Edward Danielson spotted Adrastea on the 8th of July 1979 while reviewing images from the Voyager 2 probe. This event marked the first natural satellite ever found by an interplanetary spacecraft instead of a telescope.
The International Astronomical Union officially named the object Adrastea in 1983 to honor the Greek nymph Adrasteia who served as foster mother to Zeus. Her father was Zeus and her mother was Ananke according to mythological records.
Measurements show Adrastea spans roughly 20 kilometers across its longest dimension making it the smallest among the four inner moons orbiting Jupiter. Scientists estimate density around 0.86 grams per cubic centimeter based on comparisons with Amalthea.
Adrastea orbits at approximately 129,000 kilometers from Jupiter's center placing it just inside the synchronous orbit radius where planetary rotation matches orbital speed. The moon lies within the fluid Roche limit yet remains intact due to structural strength preventing breakup.
Meteorite impacts eject dust particles from Adrastea's surface into space daily forming the bulk of Jupiter's main ring system according to current theories. Scientists consider this moon the most copious source of ring debris among all inner satellites.