Short answers, pulled from the story.
The A-A line, short for the Arkhangelsk-Astrakhan line, was the stated military objective of Operation Barbarossa, Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union. It was to run from the port city of Arkhangelsk on the White Sea in the north to the port city of Astrakhan at the mouth of the Volga River on the Caspian Sea. It was also known as the Volga-Arkhangelsk line.
The A-A line was first mentioned on the 18th of December 1940 in Führer Directive 21, also known as Fall Barbarossa. That document named the "general line Volga-Arkhangelsk" as the overall military objective of the invasion of the Soviet Union.
General Erich Marcks first proposed the concept in the summer of 1940 in a military study called the Operation Draft East. Marcks advocated occupying Soviet territory up to a line running through Arkhangelsk, Gorky, and Rostov to prevent the Soviet Union from threatening Germany and to protect against enemy bombers.
General Erich Marcks estimated that the campaign, including the capture of Moscow and the advance beyond it, would require between nine and seventeen weeks to complete. Germany's invasion ultimately failed to reach the line at all.
Reaching the A-A line would have deprived the Soviet Union of around 86% of its petroleum assets, because the oil territories of the Caucasus lay west of the proposed boundary. This figure was a central element of the economic rationale behind setting the line as the campaign's objective.
No. Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union failed to secure any of the objectives described in Führer Directive 21. The A-A line remained unachieved throughout the war.