Short answers, pulled from the story.
2012 VP113 was discovered on the 5th of November 2012 by American astronomers Scott Sheppard and Chad Trujillo at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. The discovery was announced publicly on the 26th of March 2014.
The discovery team nicknamed 2012 VP113 "Biden" because the letters "VP" appear in its official designation, and Joe Biden was serving as Vice President of the United States at the time of discovery.
The diameter of 2012 VP113 has not been directly measured, but based on an assumed geometric albedo of 0.15, typical for trans-Neptunian objects, it is estimated to be around 450 kilometers across. Its absolute magnitude of 4.05 suggests it may be large enough to be classified as a dwarf planet.
2012 VP113 is classified as a sednoid because its orbit never comes closer than 80.5 AU from the Sun, placing it well beyond the gravitational influence of the giant planets. It has a semi-major axis beyond 150 AU and a perihelion greater than 50 AU, making it only the second sednoid ever discovered.
Discoverers Scott Sheppard and Chad Trujillo noted that the orbit of 2012 VP113 resembles those of other extreme trans-Neptunian objects, with all such known bodies clustering their arguments of perihelion near 340 degrees. They proposed that an undiscovered body, referred to as Planet Nine, may be gravitationally shepherding these distant objects into similar orbits.
2012 VP113 has a moderately red surface color caused by radiation acting on frozen water, methane, and carbon dioxide. This color is consistent with formation in the gas-giant region of the Solar System rather than the classical Kuiper belt, which is dominated by ultra-red objects.