Short answers, pulled from the story.
Francis Gary Powers flew the Lockheed U-2C spy plane on the 1st of May 1960. The mission targeted Soviet ICBM launch pads at Baikonur Cosmodrome and Chelyabinsk-65 plutonium processing facilities.
Mikhail Voronov's battery fired an S-75 Dvina missile that struck the aircraft in Kosulino in the Ural Region. Lieutenant General Yevgeniy Savitskiy ordered commanders to attack the violator by any means necessary after detecting the aircraft.
Gary Powers pleaded guilty to espionage charges on the 19th of August 1960, receiving a sentence of three years imprisonment plus seven years hard labor. He served only one year and nine months before being released through a prisoner exchange with Rudolf Abel on the 10th of February 1962.
The Four Power Paris Summit began on May 15 but ended on May 16 without any meaningful agreements being reached. Nikita Khrushchev rescinded his earlier invitation for Dwight D. Eisenhower to visit the Soviet Union after just three hours of discussion due to tensions escalated dramatically between the United States and Soviet Union following the spy plane incident.
The incident demonstrated that even high-altitude aircraft were vulnerable to Soviet surface-to-air missiles. The United States began emphasizing high-speed low-level flights for B-47, B-52, and B-58 bombers while development accelerated on the supersonic F-111 aircraft with an FB-111A variant for Strategic Air Command.