Short answers, pulled from the story.
Napoleon Bonaparte signed an order creating the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr on the 1st of May 1802. The revolutionary calendar date for this law was 11 Floréal Year X.
The German invasion forced cadets to move multiple times starting with a relocation to Aix-en-Provence in 1940. Training continued in Cherchell, Algeria under Free French control before the school reunited at the Coëtquidan military camp in Morbihan after the Liberation of France in 1944.
A major reform split the academy into two entities in 1961 where the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr focused on direct-recruitment officers and the École Militaire Interarmes handled internal recruitment from non-commissioned officer ranks. A third entity called the École Militaire du Corps Technique et Administratif formed administrative specialist officers.
The school admitted its first female cadets in 1983 following a minor reform in 2002 that broadened recruitment diversity. In 2021, the Officer Candidate School Coëtquidan joined the complex as the official officer candidate school for the French Army.
Alumni include eleven Maréchaux de France and three French heads of state such as Charles de Gaulle who graduated in 1912 before becoming President of the French Republic. Other notable figures span continents including Zine El Abidine Ben Ali of Tunisia and Francisco Solano López of Paraguay.