Short answers, pulled from the story.
Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide. They formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the 19th century and the feminist movements of the 20th and 21st centuries. Issues commonly associated with them include the right to vote, to hold public office, to own property, to fair or equal pay, to reproductive rights, and to education.
New Zealand became the first country to give women the right to vote on a national level, in 1893. Australia followed in 1902, and a wave of Nordic countries granted the vote in the early 20th century, including Finland in 1906 and Norway in 1913.
In ancient Egypt, women enjoyed the same rights under the law as men, though entitlements depended on social class, and they could buy, sell, enter contracts, and inherit property in the female line. In ancient Rome, freeborn women were citizens who could own property, enter contracts, and run businesses, but could not vote, hold office, or serve in the military.
The French playwright and political activist Olympe de Gouges published the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen in 1791. It was modelled on the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and follows its seventeen articles point for point.
Between the 16th and 17th centuries, 75-95% of those executed in European witch trials were women, depending on time and place, with most killings in German-speaking lands. Manuals such as the Malleus Maleficarum, written by inquisitors Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger, cast witchcraft as feminine and claimed women were more prone to evil.
The Chinese government ordered the cessation of foot-binding in 1912. About 45% of Chinese women had bound feet in the 19th century, and for the upper classes the figure was almost 100%; the practice altered the bone structure so feet were only about four inches long.