Short answers, pulled from the story.
Prometheus is a Titan in Greek mythology credited with stealing fire from the Olympian gods and giving it to humanity along with technology, knowledge, and civilisation. He is also described in some versions as the creator of humanity from clay. His name may mean "forethought."
Zeus bound Prometheus to a rock and sent an eagle to eat his liver each day. Because Prometheus was immortal, his liver regrew overnight, making the torment perpetual. According to Hesiod and Aeschylus, the hero Heracles eventually killed the eagle and freed him.
At Mecone, Prometheus tricked Zeus by offering him two sacrificial portions: nourishing beef hidden inside an unappetising ox stomach, and inedible bones wrapped in glistening fat. Zeus chose the fat-wrapped bones, setting the precedent that humans would keep the meat and burn bones and fat as offerings to the gods.
Prometheus was worshipped primarily in Athens, where his altar in the grove of the Academy served as the starting point for the torch relay called lampadedromia or lampadephoria. The satirist Lucian noted in the 2nd century AD that no temples to Prometheus existed elsewhere in Greece.
Mary Shelley subtitled her 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus to draw a parallel between the myth's theme of creating human life and her scientist protagonist, who grants life through the application of medical science rather than natural reproduction. She wrote the novel at age 18.
Romantic poets cast Prometheus as a rebel against institutional tyranny, comparing him to the spirit of the French Revolution and the Satan of Milton's Paradise Lost. Goethe's poem "Prometheus" (written 1772-74, published 1789) and Percy Bysshe Shelley's Prometheus Unbound (1820) are the most prominent examples; Shelley's version has Prometheus supplant Zeus rather than submit to him.