Short answers, pulled from the story.
Mary Shelley never gives the creature a proper name in the 1818 novel and refers to him only as the creature, the fiend, the spectre, the wretch, the devil, the thing, the being, and the ogre. The name Frankenstein belongs to the creator Victor Frankenstein and was never used by the character in the original text.
The first stage adaptation in 1823 titled Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein listed the character as a nameless mode of naming the unnameable. The name Frankenstein did not become firmly established until the Universal film series of the 1930s cemented the error in the popular consciousness.
Mary Shelley describes the creature as eight feet tall with yellow skin, lustrous black flowing hair, pearly white teeth, and watery eyes. The 1931 film portrayal by Boris Karloff features a flat-topped angular head, bolts on the neck, green or gray skin, and a dark tattered suit with shortened coat sleeves.
The creature learns to speak and read German and French within 11 months and speaks English fluently by the end of the novel. He is described as an eloquent, educated, and well-mannered individual who is versed in Paradise Lost, Plutarch's Lives, and The Sorrows of Young Werther.
Anne Mellor argues that the monster's features share a lot in common with the Mongoloid race and John Malchow explores the possibility of the monster being coded as black. Karen Lynnea Piper argues that the symbolism surrounding Frankenstein's monster could stem from the Inuit of the Arctic.