Short answers, pulled from the story.
Marcus Licinius Crassus created the first organized fire brigade in Rome in 60 A.D. before the Roman Senate established the official Corps of Vigils under Emperor Nero. Crassus owned a private brigade of 500 men who would extinguish fires only if property owners agreed to sell their burning buildings at a fraction of their value.
The Roman Senate established the Corps of Vigils under Emperor Nero in the year 60 A.D. The Vigiles consisted of 7,000 men equipped with buckets and axes who served as both firefighters and police. This marked the first time a municipal fire force existed in history.
Richard Newsham created the first popular fire engine in 1721. The engine was a rectangular box on wheels filled using a bucket brigade to create a reservoir while hand-powered pumps supplied water pressure. Steam-powered apparatuses were introduced later in the 1850s to allow greater quantities of water to be directed onto fires.
327 firefighters lost their lives during the London Blitz in World War II. Of these deaths, 91 perished at the same time defending London while 700 firemen and 20 firewomen died as a result of heavy bombing. The Fire Service Act of 1938 unified Great Britain's fire service in preparation for the German war machine.
An oxygen-deficient atmosphere is defined as 19.5% oxygen or less compared to the normal 21%. Firefighters carry self-contained breathing apparatus that use compressed air rather than oxygen to prevent fire acceleration. These units typically hold 30 to 45 minutes of air depending on the size of the tank and the rate of consumption during strenuous activities.
London Fire Officer Paul Grimwood developed the three-dimensional or 3D attack strategy between 1984 and 1994. This method involves cooling the smoke with short pulses of water to prevent roll-over and avoid backfire of water vapor. The strategy focuses on controlling the fire by cooling the smoke so that it cannot spread rather than directly spraying the seat of the fire.