Short answers, pulled from the story.
Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator was the final active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, a dynasty founded by a Macedonian Greek general named Ptolemy I Soter. She was the only Ptolemaic ruler known to have mastered the Egyptian language, speaking it fluently alongside Koine Greek and several others including Hebrew, Arabic, and possibly Latin.
Cleopatra was born in Alexandria in early 69 BC, and her reign began in 51 BC following her father's death. Her death occurred in 30 BC, which marked the end of the Hellenistic period in the Mediterranean as Egypt subsequently became a province of the Roman Empire.
Cleopatra met Julius Caesar in Alexandria in early October 48 BC after fleeing to the region of Thebes and sending emissaries to him. Plutarch alleges she was bound inside a bed sack to be smuggled into the palace to meet Caesar, while Cassius Dio records that she did so dressed in an attractive manner to charm him with her wit.
On the 2nd of September 31 BC, the naval forces of Octavian led by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa met those of Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium. Cleopatra commanded 60 ships at the mouth of the Ambracian Gulf and used her strategic withdrawal to the Peloponnese to escape the battle, which led to massive defections of officers and troops to Octavian's side.
Cleopatra killed herself in 30 BC, probably by poisoning, to avoid being publicly displayed by Octavian in a Roman triumphal procession. Her death marked the end of the Hellenistic period in the Mediterranean, as Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire.