The world economy encompasses all economic activities conducted by humans across every nation. It includes production, consumption, financial transactions, and trade of goods and services. The term refers to an aggregate of separate country measurements rather than a single unified entity.
As of 2025 twelve countries and two collectives account for at least 2.0% of the global economy. Brazil Canada China France Germany India Indonesia Italy Japan Russia the UK and the US lead this group. The European Union and African Union also hold significant positions.
Oxfam International reported the richest 1 percent owned 48 percent of global wealth. They would own more than half of global wealth by 2016. In 2014 Oxfam stated 85 wealthiest individuals had combined wealth equal to 3.5 billion people.
Global gross product reached $117.165 trillion in 2023 estimates. Agriculture comprises 4% while industry makes up 32% and services 64%. Developed economies typically show 4% to 12% unemployment rates.
An estimated 10 billion trees are net lost annually as of 2021. Global annual deforested land measured 10 million hectares between 2015 and 2020. Soil erosion by water reached almost 36 billion tons in 2012.
International aid provided Official Development Assistance of $204 billion in 2022. Global debt external holdings totaled $56.9 trillion as of the 31st of December 2009. Military expenditure in 2018 reached an estimated $1.822 trillion.