— Ch. 1 · Bureaucratic Indictment And Existential Quest —
Ikiru.
~5 min read · Ch. 1 of 6
Kanji Watanabe stands alone on a swing in the snow, singing "Gondola no Uta" as the final moments of his life fade away. This image captures the core of a man who spent thirty years in a monotonous Tokyo public works department before discovering he had stomach cancer and less than a year to live. The story begins with Watanabe witnessing a group of parents endlessly routed between different offices just to get permission for a playground. He sees how the system treats their request as meaningless activity while he himself becomes trapped by the same rules that govern his existence.
After learning his diagnosis, Watanabe tries to escape into the pleasures of Tokyo's nightlife guided by an eccentric novelist he has just met. In a nightclub, he sings the song "Life is Brief" with great sadness, affecting everyone watching him. He realizes quickly that hedonistic pleasure offers no solution to his impending death. The following day, he encounters Toyo, a young female subordinate who needs his signature on her resignation. She finds happiness in making toys and feels she is playing with all the children of Japan. Her joy inspires Watanabe to return to work after a long absence and push for the playground project despite jurisdictional concerns from other departments.
Tolstoyan Roots And Screenplay Genesis
Akira Kurosawa began developing this film in 1952 with screenwriter Hideo Oguni, marking their first collaboration together. Oguni received ¥500,000 for his work while co-writer Shinobu Hashimoto was offered ¥150,000. The director initially told Hashimoto that a man set to die in 75 days had to be the theme, regardless of whether the character was a criminal, homeless person, or government minister. They consulted Leo Tolstoy's novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich as they shaped the narrative structure.
Kurosawa dictated the scene where Watanabe sits on the swing and mentioned the beginning lyrics of "Gondola no Uta." Since none of the men were familiar with the song, they consulted their eldest receptionist about the rest of the lyrics and the title. The screenplay was completed on the 5th of February 1952. Kurosawa renamed the draft The Life of Kanji Watanabe to Ikiru, which Hashimoto found pretentious though Oguni supported the change. Toho released the film in Japan on the 9th of October 1952.