— Ch. 1 · The Convention Upset —
Horace Greeley 1872 presidential campaign.
~3 min read · Ch. 1 of 6
In the summer of 1872, a portrait of Horace Greeley hung in New York offices as the political landscape shifted. U.S. Supreme Court Justice David Davis started as the favorite for the Liberal Republican nomination. Newspapers relentlessly attacked him until his support crumbled. Charles Francis Adams, Sr., former Minister to the United Kingdom and son of John Quincy Adams, opened the convention with 205 delegates. Missouri Governor Benjamin Gratz Brown dropped out and endorsed Horace Greeley instead. Greeley overtook Adams on the second ballot with 245 votes against Adams's 243. Lyman Trumbull surged on the third ballot before Greeley secured 334 delegates on the sixth ballot. The final count gave Greeley 482 delegates while Adams received only 187. Senator Carl Schurz felt shocked by this outcome. The press and public also expressed surprise at the choice.
A Strange Alliance
Liberal Republicans believed they could infiltrate the Democratic Party through this shared ticket. Democrats thought they could dominate the Liberal Republicans by joining forces. This alliance ignored deep ideological differences regarding trade policy. The Liberal Republicans were largely pro-free trade yet chose a staunch protectionist like Greeley. Greeley had no prior government experience or political background. He was known for eccentric ideas ranging from vegetarianism to spiritualism. His paper trail contained controversial statements that enemies exploited easily. A dissident group called themselves the Straight-Out Democratic Party. They held a second convention in Louisville, Kentucky. Charles O'Conor and John Quincy Adams II became their candidates. Electors pledged to them won just 0.35% of the popular vote.